PID-pelvic inflammatory disease

http://www.mdguidelines.com/pelvic-inflammatory-disease

Risk: 

·       having multiple sexual partners,

·       having sexual intercourse at a young age,

·       using an IUD,

·       smoking cigarettes.

Complications

·       infertility,

·       scarring or obstruction of the fallopian tubes,

·       chronic pelvic pain,

·       tubal pregnancy, and

·       spontaneous abortion.

History: 

·       fever,

·       foul-smelling vaginal discharge, 

·       pain in the lower abdomen,

·       pain with sexual intercourse (dyspareunia),

·       abnormal uterine bleeding, and

·       tenderness or pain in the uterus, affected ovary, or fallopian tube.

·       Some cases occur without symptoms (asymptomatic).

Physical exam: 

·       The uterus, ovary, or fallopian tube can be enlarged or tender on bimanual pelvic examination.

·       An oral temperature of greater than 101° F (38.3° C) is indicative of infection, along with the other signs of lower abdominal tenderness and abnormal vaginal discharge.

Tests: 

·       Swabs from the vagina and cervix are cultured to identify the infecting microorganism.

·       A microscopic examination of the tissues (histologic exam) from endometrial biopsy may be performed to test for evidence of endometritis. 

·       Laparoscopic examination may also reveal abnormalities consistent with PID.

·       A complete blood count (FBC) may be done to detect an elevated white blood cell count in the presence of infection.